The un*x to OS/2-EMX Porting FAQ

Alexander Mai <st002279@hrzpub.tu-darmstadt.de> or <amai@lesstif.org> · UNIX

#ifdef __EMX__
...
#endif

#ifndef HAVE_NON_STANDARD_FEATURE_FOO
...
#endif

extproc perl -S

#define chdir              _chdir2           /* see below */
#define chown(x,y,z)       (0)
#define endgrent()                           /* is type void */
#define FNDELAY            O_NONBLOCK
#define getcwd             _getcwd2          /* see below */
#define getdtablesize ()   (1024)
#define getgrent()         ((group*)NULL)
#define link(x, y)         (-1)              /* no hard links, below */
#define lstat(n, b)        stat(n, b)        /* see stat(), links */
#define major(dev)         (0)               /* see below */
#define makedev(dev,minr)  (0)               /* see below */
#define minor(dev)         (0)               /* see below */
#define mkfifo(p,m)        (0)               /* see below for mkfifo() */
#define mknod(p,m,d)       (0)               /* see below */
#define mlock              (-1)              /* see below */
#define munlock            (-1)              /* see below */
#define munlockall         (-1)              /* see below */
#define readlink(x,y,z)    (0)               /* or (-1) and use errno? */
#define setgrent()                           /* is of type void */
#define setpgrp()          (0)               /* ? */
#define sigset(x,y)        signal(x,y)       /* well, almost ... */
#define strcasecmp         stricmp           /* see libExt */
#define strncasecmp        strnicmp          /* see libExt */
#define symlink(x,y)       (-1)              /* see below */
#define sync()                               /* check out fsync(), etc. */
#define S_ISLNK(x)         (0)               /* see below */
#define S_IFLNK            (0)               /* see below */
#define S_ISBLK(x)         (0)               /* see below */
#define S_IFBLK            (0)               /* see below */
#define S_ISVTX            (0)               /* see below */
#define usleep(t)   _sleep2(((t)+500)/1000)  /* see below */

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <termio.h>
#include <termios.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/select.h>

int nfds, retval;
fd_set rfds;
struct timeval tv;
struct termios tio;

/* initialize rfds to 0: */
FD_ZERO(&rfds);
/* Watch stdin to see when it has input: */
FD_SET(fileno(stdin), &rfds);
/* only one file descriptor to monitor: */
nfds=1;
/* Now change EMX' default settings: */
tcgetattr(fileno(stdin), &tio);
tio.c_lflag &= ~IDEFAULT;
tcsetattr(fileno(stdin), TCSANOW, &tio);
/* Wait up to five seconds: */
tv.tv_sec = 5; tv.tv_usec = 0;
retval = select(nfds, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &tv);
if (retval > 0) {
   printf("Data is available now.\n");   
   /* FD_ISSET(0, &rfds) is 'true' here now */
}

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/select.h>

struct timeval tv;
long secs, microsecs;

/* set the interval: seconds and microseconds */
tv.tv_sec  = secs;
tv.tv_usec = microsecs;

/* tell select() to monitor no file descriptors */
select(0, (fd_set *)NULL, (fd_set *)NULL, (fd_set *)NULL, &tv);

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {

  char data[1024];
  int fd[2], result;

  if (pipe(fd)) exit(1);                 /* error creating pipe */
  fflush(stdout);                        /* flush stream before redirection */
  if ((result=fork())) {                 /* parent process */
    if(result==-1) exit(2);              /* error fork()ing */
    else {
      close(fd[1]);                      /* close writing end */
      setvbuf(stdout, NULL, _IONBF, 0);  /* disable buffering */
      while ( read(fd[0], data, 1) ) {
         putchar((char)data[0]);
      }
      close(fd[0]);
      } /* parent */
  }
  else { /* child */
    close(fd[0]);                        /* close reading end */
    dup2(fd[1],1);                       /* connect writing end to stdout */
    close(fd[1]);
    execv(argv[1], argv+1);
    exit(3);                             /* exec*() returns on error only */
    }
  exit(0);
}

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <process.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <io.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
  char data[1024];
  int fd[2], ftmp;

  if (pipe(fd)) exit(1);             /* error creating pipe */
  fflush(stdout);                    /* flush stream before redirection */
  ftmp=dup(1);                       /* save the stdout handle */
  dup2(fd[1],1);                     /* assign write end of pipe to stdout */
  close(fd[1]);                      /* close pipe handle*/
  setvbuf(stdout, NULL, _IONBF, 0);  /* disable buffering */
  /* prevent unused pipe handles from being inherited by childs */
  fcntl(ftmp, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
  fcntl(fd[0], F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
  spawnv(P_NOWAIT, argv[1], argv+1); /* start child process */

  /* restore the original stdout file handle and close pipe */
  dup2(ftmp,1);
  close(ftmp);
  /* demonstrate that things work as expected: read and print out something */
  read(fd[0], data, sizeof(data));
  printf("%s\n", data);
  close(fd[0]);
  exit(0);
  }

#define getcwd _getcwd2
#define chdir _chdir2

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <os2.h>

int _execname (char *dst, size_t size) {
  PTIB ptib;
  PPIB ppib;

  if (DosGetInfoBlocks (&ptib, &ppib) != 0) return -1;
  return DosQueryModuleName (ppib->pib_hmte, size, dst);
}

#include <float.h>
unsigned All_Exceptions =
   EM_INVALID|EM_DENORMAL|EM_ZERODIVIDE|EM_OVERFLOW|EM_UNDERFLOW|EM_INEXACT;
_control87(PC_53, MCW_PC);            /* IEEE compatible precision */
_control87(All_Exceptions, MCW_EM);   /* don't mask, i.e. hide exceptions */

#include <stdlib.h>

int main (int argc, char *argv[]) {
_wildcard (&argc, &argv);
/* ... the program ... */
}

foo "file name with blanks.txt"

set EQUATION=E=mc2

/* Ok, use REXX */
call Value "EQUATION", "E=MC2", "OS2ENVIRONMENT"

      system ("whatever >/dev/null");

      setvbuf (stdout, NULL, _IOLBF, BUFSIZ);

touch __shd.c
gcc -dM -E %1 %2 %3 %4 %5 %6 %7 %8 %9 __shd.c
rm __shd.c

  for i in $(subdirs); do (cd $i; $(MAKE) bar); done

  for %i in ($(subdirs)) do (cd %i && $(MAKE) -f Makefile.os2 & cd ..)

VERSION := $(shell grep -e "^VERSION=" $(VFILE) | sed -e "s/VERSION=//")

#! /bin/sh

/* Define if you have the "useless.h" header */
#undef HAVE_USELESS_H

/* Define if your libc has the strange() function */
#define HAVE_STRANGE 1

autoconf && configure && make

xmkmf
make Makefiles
make

AC_TRY_RUN(
[
#include <X11/Intrinsic.h>
int main() {
Boolean brc;
brc=XtToolkitThreadInitialize();
if (True==brc)
  exit(0);
else
  exit(1);
}
],
have_xthreads=yes,
have_xthreads=no,
have_xthreads=dunno)

-lUil -lMrm -lXm -lXt -lXmu -lXp -lXext -lXpm -lSM -lICE -lX11

gcc -Zmtd -Zbsd-signals -o bar.exe bar.o -lXt_s -lX11_s -lsocket

#include <X11/Xlib.h>
Display *disp=XOpenDisplay(NULL);

Language	OS/2 port
awk (e.g. GNU awk="gawk")	OS/2 software sites
m4	OS/2 software sites
perl	ftp.math.ohio-state.edu or numerous versions from OS/2 software sites
python	www.python.org and another page
(un*x) shell script	various ports; see sites.html
Tcl	www.vaeshiep.demon.nl
Tk	www.vaeshiep.demon.nl

Extension	Related Tool
.bz2	bzip2
.cpio	cpio
.deb	Package for Debian linux
.gz	(GNU) gzip [`gzip -d`, `gunzip`]
.rpm	RPM; OS/2 port of this tool
.shar	sh (shell archives) [`sh foo.shar`]
.tar	tar
.uue	uudecode/uudeview
.Z	decompress/gunzip
.z	pack/unpack
.zip	Info-(un)zip

SIGNAL name	Description	Reference	Comments
SIGABRT	Process abort signal	B	e.g. by `abort()`
SIGALRM	Alarm clock	E
SIGBREAK	CTRL-BREAK by user	B	OS/2 only
SIGBUS	Bus error	E
SIGCHLD (SIGCLD)	Child process stopped/terminated	E
SIGCONT	Continue if stopped	-
SIGDANGER	Danger signal	-
SIGEMT	?	E
SIGFPE	Floating point exception	B
SIGHUP	Hangup	E
SIGILL	Illegal instruction	B
SIGINFO	Information request	-
SIGINT	Interrupt from terminal	B
SIGIO	IO now possible	-	(4.2 BSD)
SIGIOT	IOT trap	-
SIGRANT	Monitor mode granted	-
SIGKILL	Kill process	E	cannot be be caught or ignored
SIGLOST	Resource lost	-
SIGLWP	?	-
SIGMSG	Monitor mode data available	-
SIGNOFP	Floating point co-processor not available	-
SIGPHONE	?	-
SIGPIPE	Broken pipe	E	write to pipe without reading process
SIGPOLL	I/O possible	-
SIGPROF	Profiling timer expired	-
SIGPWR	Power failure	-
SIGQUIT	Quit from terminal	E
SIGRETRACT	Need to relinquish monitor mode	-
SIGSEGV	Segmentation fault	B
SIGSOUND	Sound completed	-
SIGSTKFLTT	Stack fault on coprocessor	-	(linux)
SIGSTOP	Stop process	-
SIGSYS	Illegal system call	E
SIGTERM	Termination	B
SIGTRAP	Breakpoint/tracepoint trap	E	(see hard-coded breakpoint)
SIGTSTP	Stop typed at tty	-
SIGTTIN	tty input for background process	-
SIGTTOU	tty output for background process	-
SIGUNUSED	Unused signal	-	a very important one ;-)
SIGURG	Urgent I/O condition	-
SIGUSR1	User defined signal #1	B
SIGUSR2	User defined signal #2	B
SIGUSR3	User defined signal #3	I	EMX seems to miss this!?
SIGVTALRM	Virtual timer expired	-
SIGWINCH	Window resize	E	see termsize lib
SIGWIND	?	-
SIGXCPU	CPU time limit exceeded	-
SIGXFSZ	File size limit exceeded	-

Operating systems	Line Delimiters (hex)
DOS, OS/2	`0D 0A`
un*x		`0A`
Macintosh	`0D`

Meaning	Syntax
Meaning	sh	cmd.exe
execute two commands `foo` and `bar`	`foo ; bar`	`foo & bar`
execute foo; if successful, i.e. return code = 0 then execute bar as well	`foo && bar`	`foo && bar`
execute foo; if unsuccessful, i.e. return code <> 0, execute bar as well	`foo \|\| bar`	`foo \|\| bar`
execute foo and pipe its stdout to stdin of command bar	`foo \| bar`	`foo \| bar`
run foo in the background	`foo &`	`detach foo`
redirect stdout from `foo` into file `bar`	`foo >bar`	`foo >bar`
redirect stderr from `foo` into file `bar`	`foo 2>bar`	`foo 2>bar`
redirect both stdout and stderr from `foo` into file `bar`	`foo 1>bar 2>&1`	`foo 1>bar 2>&1`
arguments inside shell script	`$1 $2` ...	`%1 %2` ...
environment variables	`$foo`	`%foo%`
group commands together as a single one	`(ls ; cd ..)`	`(ls & cd ..)`
loop over some list	`for i in $PATH_LIST; do (cd $i && ls) ; done`	`for %i in (%PATH_LIST%) do (cd %i && dir cd ..)`

Prefix	Library	Description	Origin
fltk	-lfltk	GUI Toolkit (C++)	fltk (OS/2 port)
fl_	-lforms	GUI Toolkit (C)	xforms (OS/2 ports)
gtk_, GTK_	-lgtk	GUI Toolkit (C)	?
Ice	-lICE	Inter-Client Exchange	XFree86 OS/2
gl_	-lMesaGL	OpenGL clone (3d API)	MesaGL (OS/2 ports)
Mrm	-lMrm	Motif Resource Manager	Motif
PEX	-lPEX	PHIGS Extension for X (3d APIset)	XFree86 OS/2
qt_, ...	-lqt	GUI Toolkit (C++)	?
shm	-lshm	Provides Shared Memory	various sources
Smc, Sms	-lSM	Session Management	XFree86 OS/2
Uil	-lUil	User Interface Library	Motif
X	-lX11	Standard X11 core routines	XFree86 OS/2
Xau	-lXau	X authority database routines	XFree86 OS/2
Xaw	-lXaw	Athena widgets	XFree86 OS/2 (?) (also check OS/2 ports)
Xbae	-lXbae	Matrix Widget Set	Xbae (LessTif)
Xdmcp	-lXdmcp	X Display Manager Control Protocol	XFree86 OS/2
DPMS	-lXdpms	X Display Power Management (DPMS) Extension	XFree86 OS/2
Xdbe, Xext, XShape	-lXext	X Extensions	XFree86 OS/2
Xie	-lXie	X Input Extensions	XFree86 OS/2
Xlt	-lXlt	Widget Set (Motif Extensions)	Xlt (LessTif)
Xm	-lXm	Motif (GUI toolkit)	Motif
Xmu, XEditRes	-lXmu	Miscellaneous X utility functions	XFree86 OS/2
Xp	-lXp	X Print Server	XFree86 OS/2
Xpm, xpm	-lXpm	Bitmap/Pixmap Routines	XFree86 OS/2, ports
XScreenSaver	-lXss	ScreenSaver Support	XFree86 OS/2
Xt	-lXt	X Toolkit Intrinsics	XFree86 OS/2
Tcl_	-lxtcl	Tk (GUI for Tcl)	ports
Tk_	-lxtk	Tcl to X11 interface	ports
XTest, XRecord	-lXtst	Test Extensions	XFree86 OS/2

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